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Of War and Dictatorship: Counter-Memories and Artistic Practices in Spain, from the Late 1990s until Today

PROJECTOUTLINE


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Fernando Sánchez Castillo. Episodios nacionales táctica, 2010 Video Still

Exhibition ‘Lecciones de historia’. CAAM

© Fernando Sánchez Castillo / CAAM


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A growing number of artworks in recent decades address violence as a phenomenon linked to history and politics around the world. This violence has to do, in most cases, with past political and social conflicts that have marked contemporary nation-states. In this scenario, Spain has not yet developed a significant response to its massive past violence from within the art world –after almost 80 years since the end of its civil war (1936-1939) and 40 years of democracy after the end of Francoism (1939-1977). Thus, when it comes to dealing with past violence and post-conflict, Spain ranges from amnesia, invisibilization and neglect encouraged from the majority of the official political agents to an active though minor visibilization, truth-seeking and memory (re)construction from a number of social actors and militant individuals. Nevertheless some contemporary artistic, literary and audiovisual practices in Spain challenge and contest the officially sanctioned invisibilization of war and repression, performing forensic memories. These practices are opposed to the hegemonic, saturated and melodramatic memory that has occupied most of the official discourse produced by Spanish cultural industries in recent decades.

When it comes to dealing with past violence and post-conflict, Spain ranges from amnesia, invisibilization and neglect encouraged from the majority of the official political agents


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Ana Teresa Ortega. Cartografías Silenciadas.

Published in 2010

© Ana Teresa Ortega


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Within this framework, the project focuses on those artistic practices that re-elaborate the past with a markedly generational bias. These are thus “acquired memories” or “postmemories”, the latter understood as a cultural memory that calls on for reparations to victims of war and political repression, and for visibility for those silenced by history. [1] The specificity of postmemory lies in a hypermediated relationship between the historical fact itself and the account made by one who inherits that legacy. [2] This project therefore examines how contemporary artistic practices in Spain seek to boost processes of both reparation and remembrance, which allow dissonant narratives and alternate constructions of history and memory. However, for decades, art institutions and platforms did not commit to showing engaged art practices, especially those dealing with the traumatic past, and still today, institutions are somehow uncomfortable in this terrain. Thus, the main objectives of this project are threefold: to elaborate a critical cartography of memory-related artistic practices in Spain, from the late 1990s; to discuss the institutional framework and its lack of engagement with memory-related art practices; and to propose an extensive curatorial project dealing with this topic, that would be based on the notion of curating as ethical practice. Therefore, both a monograph and an exhibition are to be expected.

The project focuses on those artistic practices that re-elaborate the past with a markedly generational bias

REFERENCES


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  1. Quílez, Laia, and José Carlos Rueda (eds.). Posmemoria de la Guerra Civil y el Franquismo. Narrativas audiovisuales y producciones culturales en el siglo XXI. Granada, 2017: XII-XIII.

  2. Hirsch, Marianne. 1992. «Family Pictures: Maus, Mourning and Post-Memory.» Discourse: Journal for Theoretical Studies in Media and Culture 15, 2: 3-29.

BIO

DR. ELENA ROSAURO


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After graduating in Art History and Theory of Art from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (2009), I did an MA in Latin American Studies, with focus on Cultural Studies, at the same university, and a postgraduate diploma in Cultural Management and Cooperation at the University of Barcelona (2010). From late 2010 until 2015 I conducted research for my PhD thesis “Historia y violencia en el Sur americano. Prácticas artísticas, 1992-2012” with the support of a full-time FPI grant (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 2010-2014). During this period, I lived in Madrid, Munich and Zurich, and I also did research stays in México and Colombia. I occasionally work as an artist liaison, curator and translator, as well as I have taught courses and workshops in several universities. I am secretary general of the Network on Latin American Visual Studies and a council member of the Visual Studies Section of the Latin American Studies Association (LASA). For the Network on Latin American Visual Studies, I am organizer of its biannual international conferences on Latin American visual culture, as well as I am co-editor and an editorial board member of the journal Artefacto visual.

SELECTEDPUBLICATIONS


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  1. „Hacer la historia: narraciones visuales de la violencia en América Latina”, in: Revista Americanía 5, 2017: 213-242.

  2. Notas para una constelación teórica en torno a la violencia y su representación”, in: Artefacto Visual. Revista de Estudios Visuales Latinoamericanos 1:1, 2016: 8-30.

  3. Teresa Margolles – Auf den Tod weisen”, in: Hirner, René (ed.), De Muerte Presente. Der Tod in der mexikanischen Gegenwartskunst. Heidenheim, 2016: 54-55.

  4. Una imagen real de la Argentina: Image-based Counter-narratives through the Walking Archive and the Project Hegemony”, in: Revista Historia y Memoria 7, 2013: 49-78.

  5. Construir y reconstruir la historia: las prácticas artísticas de Carla Herrera-Prats y Eduardo Molinari”, in: Transmodernity. Journal of Peripheral Cultural Production of the Luso-Hispanic World 2:2, 2013: 87-99.

  6. With María Luisa Ortega. Temporalidades en conflicto: cuerpo y desaparición en las prácticas artisticas contemporáneas en Argentina”, in: Revista Historia y Memoria 4, 2012: 93-140.